Polyvinyl chloride, abbreviated as PVC, is a polymer formed through radical polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer under the influence of initiators such as peroxides and azo compounds, or through exposure to light and heat. It appears as a white powder, is non-toxic and odorless, with a relative molecular mass generally ranging from 50,000 to 110,000 (for pure PVC produced industrially), a relative density of 1.35 to 1.45, and exhibits low water absorption and permeability (for pure PVC). It is insoluble in water, gasoline, alcohol, and vinyl chloride, but soluble in ketones, esters, and chlorinated hydrocarbons solvents. PVC demonstrates good chemical resistance and electrical insulation properties, but it has poor impact resistance, is unstable to oxygen and heat, and is prone to degradation.

The production methods of vinyl chloride monomer, the monomer of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), include calcium carbide method, ethylene method, etc. The polymerization methods can be divided into emulsion method, suspension method, bulk method, etc. Among them, suspension method is the most widely used method for producing PVC, which is the largest production variety. PVC is one of the earliest resin varieties to achieve industrialization and was the largest resin variety in terms of production before the 1960s, but it fell to second place in the late 1960s. General-purpose PVC resin was first industrialized by Germany in 1935 and was widely used during World War II to alleviate the shortage of steel at that time. PVC can be processed into various products such as pipes, pipe fittings, rods, profiles, films, sheets, wire and cable insulation materials, artificial leather, floor tiles, toys, shoes, bottles, records, foaming materials, sealing materials, fibers, etc., through methods such as extrusion, injection molding, calendering, and blow molding. It is widely used in various fields such as light industry, construction, agriculture, electricity, and daily life